Acids, Bases, and Electrochemistry Unlocked
Ace acids, bases, and electrochemistry with this medium-difficulty deck. Master theories, pH, and proton transfer concepts.
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What are the key postulates of the Arrhenius theory of acids and bases?
Acids produce H⁺ ions in aqueous solutions. Bases produce OH⁻ ions in aqueous solutions.
How does the Brønsted-Lowry theory define acids and bases?
Acids are proton (H⁺) donors. Bases are proton (H⁺) acceptors.
Explain the concept of conjugate acid-base pairs in the Brønsted-Lowry theory with an example.
When an acid donates a proton, it forms its conjugate base. When a base accepts a proton, it forms its conjugate acid. Example: HCl + H₂O ⇌ Cl⁻ + H₃O⁺ (HCl/Cl⁻ and H₂O/H₃O⁺ are pairs).
How does the Lewis theory define acids and bases?
Acids are electron pair acceptors. Bases are electron pair donors.
What type of bond is formed in a Lewis acid-base reaction, and what is the resulting product called?
A coordinate covalent bond (or dative bond) is formed. The resulting product is called an adduct.
Define pH and provide the formula for calculating it.
pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. pH = -log[H⁺]